Toyota Motor Company Marketing Plan Research Paper

Toyota Motor Company Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example January 2013: After the spending plan has been distinguished and group research assignments have been designated, the groups will lead their exploration and gather reports for top administration and for advertising choices and item the executives and choices. Now the arranging stage starts. As Moorman and Miner (1998) advise, a promoting system creatures with a â€Å"careful survey of natural and firm information† which is then trailed by arranging (p. 1). Now the entirety of the vital examination would have been finished and the spending plan distinguished for execution of the dispatch of the item. The long stretch of January 2013 will in this manner be saved for arranging advertising, creation/assembling, advancement and circulation procedures and time tables will be built up for each procedure. Groups will be framed for overseeing and placing these methodologies without hesitation. February 2013: At this stage, Toyota should select a structure and technician group who will structure and plan the mechanics of the super vehicle individually. The structure group will plan and structure the physical design of the vehicle. The specialist group will design the motor and other mechanical elements of the vehicle. Now the structure and designing/technician groups will likewise have data from innovative specialists educated by innovative work regarding the ideal particulars for the super vehicle. Innovative, mechanical information and information on all the particulars that intrigue to super vehicle devotee will go into the structure and mechanics of the new Toyota super vehicle. After all when Ferrari Maserati Group propelled its new Maserati MC in 2004, it was Ferrari’s information in the development of super vehicles and its information on Formula 1 innovation that drove the structure and mechanics of the Maserati MC (Arema, 2010). Walk 2013: The completed vehicle should be tried for solidness, wellbeing, proficiency, speed and for the most part wheth er the super vehicle is fit for reason (Weitz and Wensley, 2002). Clearly, if there are any imperfections in the item plan, those deformities should be amended. Along these lines the long stretch of March is saved for recognizing any imperfections and amending surrenders and in any case learn whether the plan, style and execution of the super vehicle can be improved before putting the vehicle available. April 2013: Once a model is acceptably constructed, the showcasing group will probably conclude that they might want to test the market. This is normally the situation with the starting of another vehicle (Weitz and Wensley, 2002). Along these lines the advertising group will be required to know, what should be done so as to sell the new super vehicle. Along these lines an estimation of the assets and different assets required for publicizing, making motivations for sellers, and advancements for the most part. Albeit, an examination was directed in the underlying stages, this explora tion was done progress of time of a real vehicle. Since a vehicle has been structured and it is fit to be propelled the limited time and showcasing perspectives can be arranged all the more explicitly. It will be important to realize what number of vehicles will be created with explicit highlights, for example, mapping, hues, sound frameworks, and so forth. Toyota should lead an inquiry of worldwide markets to decide similarity of highlights to explicit markets (Wietz and Wensley, 2002

Analyze oral history Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investigate oral history - Research Paper Example It is likewise basic to take note of that he was an eager ecological preservationist as indicated by his discussion. As indicated by Ansen Adams, photography comprises of every single transmittable perspective and the entire of photography specialized traits. The most intriguing part of this meeting is that Alsen transfers his genuine beliefs youth and his feelings. The meeting is a significant source since one can comprehend his perspectives on life and different parts of photography. The meeting uncovers significant angles about Alsen reasoning, and one gets the inclination that music and photography are the equivalent. â€Å"Conversation with Ansen Adams† clarifies the photography works of Adams identical to his encounters, feelings, and transmission of his ideas that has molded today’s history. Adams made photography a significant perspective in portrayal of chronicled occasions. Photos have an exceptional method of imparting data that would some way or another not be plausible orally. â€Å"Ansel Adams conversation† alludes to interviews held in twenty-six meetings with Adams Ansel (Harroun and Teiser 4-8). These meetings depict different subjects, individual life and sentiments of the picture taker. It is intriguing with respect to how Adam Alsen looks at yester training frameworks to current frameworks. In his portrayal, one gets the inclination that yester year’s training frameworks were unrivaled. Be that as it may, is this fact? The camera that Alsen utilized in those days would not be significant in today’s photography. He inspects yesterday’s innovation to subtleties, however such innovation won't be applicable in the 21st century. Subsequently, people are in a steady condition of progress and this implies things need to change. We may take a gander at t his works with extraordinary joy, however we realize well we can't change the world’s geology or nature. Adam describes of his training and brings up that he was not that a decent understudy. He experienced various schools

Mentoring Service

Questions: 1. Numerous associations give an expert coaching administration to their new alumni or workers. This can appear as close to home tutoring, where a senior worker guides another or junior individual from staff. How would you imagine that you could profit by having guide during the underlying long periods of your expert employment?2. Give subtleties of 2 exercises that you will attempt as a component of your expert profession arranging. These might incorporate going to ACS occasions, buying in to proficient distributions, picking up accreditation in explicit specialized regions, or any others that you might want to attempt. For every movement, portray how you accept that this will advance your expert profession. Answers: 1. A fundamental advance in a people vocation is to set up a fruitful coach relationship. It is helpful for both the guide and the mentee. It assists with recognizing, characterize and articulate regular beliefs and objectives. Various guides have distinctive tutoring style. The mentee profits by the coach by picking up understanding. Experience picked up from the tutor assists with giving the profession an updraft. A decent experienced coach helps the mentee secure an occupation at a presumed organization for a greater job of duty. The guide can assist with understanding the examination of the understudy. A guide can instruct how to adjust work and research or individual life, and convey great profitability. A guide gives useful tidbits. Dealings in life are a significant exercise that the tutor can show their understudies (Woods and Preciado 2016). 2. Exercises in the wake of finishing expert degree can help improving the odds of landing great position prospect. Specialized abilities can make an imminent understudy profoundly attractive for an organization recruiting representatives. PC preparing with an emphasis on programming language like C/C++ programming, JAVA and so on., makes an applicants continue alluring to the enrollment specialists. Specialized abilities can assist understudies with increasing an edge over others while going after a position. Distributions An exploration by an understudy, which is considered for distribution in great diaries, demonstrates the capacity for broad and gainful research to the businesses. Distributions in the diaries just as working in a diary office as an Editor, author or editors assists with increasing proficient experience. These encounters can assist with protecting a superior activity with more noteworthy duty (Ali 2016). References Ali, S.A., 2016. Basic Thinking in the Information Age: Helping Students Find and Evaluate Scientific Information. Instructing Innovation Projects, 6(1), p.3. Woods, C.S. furthermore, Preciado, M., 2016. StudentMentor Relationships and Students' College Attitudes. Diary of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 21(2), pp.90-103.

Influencing and Controlling the Project

Presentation Project control is fundamental for its effective consummation. In controlling the venture, there are various issues that the undertaking administrator should think about. These issues incorporate venture assessment, venture plan, spending control, input control, yield quality, scope the board just as change management.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Influencing and Controlling the Project explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In embraced a task, change will be unavoidable, and it is significant for the administrator to oversee it suitably. Appropriate correspondence will upgrade the achievement of the venture just as great inspiration of the individuals associated with the undertaking. This paper tends to the issue of hierarchical change just as correspondence during venture execution. Authoritative Change is inescapable. In the present world, the pace of progress is on the ascent. Any task advancement will be related with some adjustm ent in the association. Activities are intended to expand the effectiveness of an association. It is, in this manner, fundamental for the task supervisor have the option to appropriately oversee change. Actualizing an adjustment in an association must be joined by change in the hierarchical culture (Dinsmore Cabanis-Brewin, 2010). The past methods of getting things done, the conviction and practices must be changed. The undertaking is relied upon to incite an adjustment in the method of correspondence at the Air Force Bases where it will be actualized. The Land Mobile Radio will empower Nuclear Command and control at the bases. Partner Communication A task makes a progression of strides which ought to be executed in an orderly way. In every one of the means, the ability included could be extraordinary. Each progression ought to be executed by work force who have information on it. The task chief ought to have the option to viably convey to every one of the partners associated with v enture improvement. Viable stakeholders’ correspondence is fundamental in building up a positive relationship inside them (O’Donovan, 2011). This will orchestrate the entire undertaking advancement procedure, and improve the odds of accomplishment. Moreover, if correspondence means and techniques received by the administration are viable, they can control the stakeholders’ outlook. There are various elements that impact correspondence with the investors. The task chiefs should initially try to know who the partners are, the reason he needs to impart to them, what he ought to convey to them. He ought to likewise discover when he should impart to the partners and the best systems to pass on the message adequately. Partners may incorporate even those individuals who will be affected by the project.Advertising Looking for paper on venture the executives? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Informal corresponden ce While at work, individuals need to speak with one another in order to productively achieve their creation work. Individuals will consistently counsel their partners about an assignment they are executing. Casual correspondence helps in coordination among individuals dealing with a venture. The individuals will have the option to gain from their partners. Casual correspondence is successful in supporting creation work. It likewise improves social relations among individuals and structure a base on which cooperation will begin. Collaboration is significant in the venture and will be basic in creating it to an effective end. It is, in this manner, significant for the task supervisor to make a domain whereby individuals engaged with the undertaking can speak with one another both officially and casually. It will upgrade coordinated effort among the individuals and in the end fruitful undertaking consummation (Kraut, Fish, Root Chalfonte, 2002). References Dinsmore, P. C., Cabanis-Bre win, J. (2010). The AMA handbook of undertaking the executives. New York: AMACOM. Kraut, R. E., Fish, R. S., Root, R. W., Chalfonte, B. L. (2002). Casual Communication in Organizations: Form, Function, and Technology. Web. O’Donovan, G. (2011). Dissolvability II: Stakeholder correspondences and change. Farnham, England: Gower. This article on Influencing and Controlling the Project was composed and put together by client Tessa Mercer to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Pros and Cons of the New Deal free essay sample

The extraordinary misery began around about the 1930’s when the financial exchange slammed this happened in light of the fact that the administration chose not to engage with the people groups organizations. The organizations were possessed by and by or with a gathering of individuals and the administration had nothing to do with it at all so the individuals of the United States of America could do what they needed with their cash and ventures. The principle explanation behind the securities exchange crash was that there was a major distinction among rich and poor during the 1930’s. President drift was the president. The new arrangement had its advantages and disadvantages. The professionals are as per the following. Were that it lifted the money related Burdon for some individuals. The legislature additionally gave numerous occupations to individuals this got the show on the road for getting individuals out of the hovervilles the hovervilles were shanty towns that were assembled and named after president float since they believed that drift would support them. We will compose a custom article test on Advantages and disadvantages of the New Deal or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The new arrangement likewise improved the investructure in America with rail streets and schools. The legislature likewise took a shot at improving the expectations for everyday comforts in America. They attempted to assemble minimal effort lodging with the goal that individuals could move out of the hovervilles and in to the ease lodging. By doing this would likewise improve the economy of the nation which will likewise bring the nation out of the downturn. The cons for the new arrangement are as per the following by the legislature engaging in the organizations it gave the administration to much power and this caused a tyranny with in the administration. Some think this was making the nation fall in to socialism and losing its private enterprise subjects in light of the fact that the legislature was engaging in the organizations simply like a socialist nations government would do. The new arrangement sorted of turn America in to a socialist nation yet it was what was should have been finished. Without the administration engaging in the organizations the nation would have gone further in to the downturn since it was the legislature not being somewhat associated with the organizations that it when in to the Great Depression. So yes the nation became somewhat of a socialist nation however it was important

Document Tracking and the Admission Deadline COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Document Tracking and the Admission Deadline COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The most common inquiry we receive before and after the admission deadline is, “I have submitted a document via postal mail or the Web site but it does not show as received when I log in to check the status of my application. Can you please tell me if it is has been received and if my application will be impacted?” First, let me start by stating the following it is not important that an application be listed as complete on the application Web site by January 5th, 2009.   It is important that applications be submitted by this date and we hope that all documents are uploaded or received by this date. Our office is happy to work with applicants to ensure the application is completed, but please understand it does take our office time to process the thousands of documents submitted on the application Web site and sent to our office. The date each document is tracked into the system is not important â€" it is the receipt date that is important. Here are a few important insights regarding processing. First, do not be surprised if it takes up to two weeks after the deadline date for documents to appear as received on the application site. It is completely normal for documents to appear as not received on the Web site and this may be the case up to January 19th. Second, we do not begin to track documents until an application is submitted. It takes us three to five days to set up an application file from the time the application is submitted.   Therefore, if you submitted your application recently and documents were sent some time ago, it will likely take at least two weeks to complete the matching process. Third, even though you may have sent a document to our office via an express courier and we have signed for it, this does not mean we immediately track it. All documents received are first sorted alphabetically and then enter the matching process. Fourth, as explained in a recent blog entry, there is always a slight delay in the receipt of postal mail that is not sent to our office directly by an express courier (UPS, FedEx, etc.). This is due to the fact that general mail that is addressed to our office is first sent to a central Columbia post office for sorting. This process can add three to five additional days to the delivery of documents to our office. We are aware of this delay and we account for this when tracking documents. Documents delayed by the internal sorting process are not negatively impacted. Fifth, if there is an issue beyond your control that has resulted in the late submission of a document to our office, please feel free to send an email to sipa_admission@columbia.edu to let us know the specific details. Sixth, please do not panic and request that another copy of a document you feel has been sent to us but not tracked be sent again. This will result in even more mail to be sorted when it is likely that we have already received the document, it has just has not been matched to your file. Finally, if there is an issue regarding document receipt we will be happy to work with you, however we may not know this until up to two weeks after the deadline.   If there is good reason to believe an issue outside of your control has taken place we will do everything in our power to ensure your application is completed and forwarded to the committee for review. Please see our blog entry for information on standardized test score receipt for an example of issues we take into account. In summary, do not panic if you feel you have done everything required and yet your application status still shows as incomplete. It is normal for this to be case up to two weeks after the deadline date. We appreciate your patience and look forward to reviewing your file.

Argument Against Death Penalty Essay - 275 Words

Argument Against Death Penalty (Essay Sample) Content: Death PenaltyStudent nameInstitutionDeath PenaltyDeath penalty, also called capital punishment refers to the legal process in which a person is killed deliberately due to crime he or she committed. Capital punishment has brought a lot of controversies globally. Various people, individually or groups, hold different opinions regarding the death penalty. Some view that human life is sacred and should be given due respect regardless of the crime committed by an individual. In regard to this, they argue that the death penalty is wrong and should not be practiced in any state. On the other hand, some individuals and groups believe that criminals ought to pay for their illegals actions with their lives. They hold that this mode of punishment is effective in reducing the level of crimes in a nation or state (Winters,1997). However, in consideration of various negative issues outweighing merits associated with capital punishment, this paper provides an argument against i t.Death penalty does not fully provide solution to criminal actions. The reason for imprisonment is not only to punish the wrongdoers, but also to make them reform and adopt lives conforming to the state or any nation's law. In view of this, the death penalty should never be taken as an option in punishing wrong-doers regardless of the magnitude of the crime committed. This is because executing criminals does not make them learn any lesson. Therefore, all countries should incorporate special programs skewed towards redeeming the lives of the convicts. Some states have special counseling programs in prisons, which give the convict various lessons on the importance of maintaining law and order. Such programs are very crucial to the prisoners because they transform their lives and make them law-abiding citizens. By virtue of counseling programs, criminals come out of prisons better people taking part in constructive activities necessary for building the nation economically, socially a nd in other aspects of life. Therefore, people should not advocate the death penalty because it denies the convicts chances to reform.According to human right commission, every individual, regardless of the circumstances, has a right to life. Although, people supporting death penalty argue that this form of punishment is effective in ensuring maintenance of law and order, the capital sentence violates the right to life. It is inhuman and degrades humanity. Cardinal McCarick, a Catholic Archbishop argues that "the death penalty diminishes all of us, increases disrespect for human life, and offers the tragic illusion that we can teach that killing is wrong by killing". No one has a right to take away one's life regardless of the situation. God is the only one with the mandate of deciding on when one should die. Therefore, Killing humanity in the name of delivering justice against crime, is not only a disrespect to convicts but also to the supernatural being who gives and takes a way life.Although death penalties are reached at through a legal process in courts, it is worth understanding that courts are never perfect. Not all rulings made by the courts are based on substantial evidence. For instance, Timothy Evans of Britain was judged and executed, but later found that he was never guilty (Seal, n.d). Such culpable and ill-founded rulings are catastrophic and diminish the integrity of judicial systems.Also, the death penalty is costing in comparison to the other modes of punishment. Those in favor of capital punishment maintain the view that it is cheaper to kill a criminal than maintaining him or her. This illusion is practically wrong. Taking an example of a case in New Jersey, records shows that the death penalty cost $253 annually million more than the life sentence. In the same case, it is found that the federal court death penalty cases cost over eight times that of criminal court cases seeking no death penalty. Another point in a case is Californi a's death penalty cases. It is estim...

Understanding Online Sexual Harassment Essay - 3822 Words

Communications has been in a process of evolution and revolution from the time the first cave person drew pictures on a wall through the inventions of the printing press, the telephone, radio, and television to the most current revolution – the Internet. This paper will attempt to briefly examine online sexual harassment and the constitutionally granted rights of the First Amendment. In the interests of brevity and to remain with in the parameters of the paper any discussion will exclude workplace sexual harassment, flaming and stalking. The issue of public versus private forum has been discussed in many papers and journals and will not be covered in this paper. We also assume that any reader of this paper has a basic knowledge of sexual†¦show more content†¦Separate computers administered each domain and root server directed traffic among thedomains. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) was responsible for assigning numbers. In 1992 this responsibility was transferred, at the governments’ request, to InterNic, administered by Network Solutions. In September 1998, The International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) was established to take on this responsibility. ICANN’s board of Directors would be comprised of members designated by IANA and NSI would provide technical aide. All information on the Internet travels via Internet Protocol (IP) from one network to other networks and finally to its destination through packets. Headers carry addresses for the packet’s source and destination and instructions for how to reassemble packets when they reach their destination. Large messages are split into several packets and sent individually to their destination through routers. IP packets first travel through physical, wired networks like Local Area Networks (LAN’s) that connect PC’s in most or telephone wires to a central office switch. But to reach a network beyond a LAN, or central office, packets must pass through an IP router that is connected to the LAN or the telephone network. An IP router sends a packet on the next router that will best relay the packet to its destination. Addresses allowShow MoreRelatedPreventing Sexual Harassment At The Workplace978 Words   |  4 PagesPreventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace An anti-harassment policy should be set and published to every company by the employer; moreover, this policy should state and allow the employees to complain if the harassment and discrimination occur. However, employers are likely to be negligent about the important of investigating complaints of sexual harassment and appropriate solutions. (Tremblay, 2008) The most effective weapon against sexual harassment is prevention. It is impossibleRead MoreWhat Did You Learn From The Course Content?884 Words   |  4 Pagesgender is, and how it affects the way we learn and think, makes me look at our culture in a different way. For example, before this class I never realized how much women are objectified and put under intense Photoshop in advertisements. This better understanding of the way society is helps me take a step back and look at our culture in a different way, and allows me to become more aware of the issues surrounding gender, sex, and the ideals of masculinity and femininity. What Class Material Did You LearnRead MoreOnline Abuse : A Serious Issue Within The Past 2 Years1243 Words   |  5 PagesRe: MEMO FORMAT SUMMARY Online abuse has become a serious issue within the past 2 years. Various media reports have targeted on cyberharassment, notably toward women. The matter was mentioned at a congressional hearing in April and a United Nations panel in September. Politicians have called for better law enforcement solutions whereas net platforms like Google, Facebook and Twitter have taken steps to curb abuse. The article discusses the impact of online harassment and identifies some innovationsRead MoreCyber Bullying And Social Media876 Words   |  4 PagesBullying and Social Media Virtual harassment is a common and growing occurrence, and offline intimidation has continually been and remains to be a problem. Bullying of all kinds peaks in Middle School and in greatest cases spills off by College age, when scholars are more self-regulating and more developed. Shortage of organization amongst school staff, parents and scholars make cyber- and offline bullying a constant risk to young people s assurance and well-being. The U.S. Department of HealthRead MoreSame Sex Harassment Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesSame Sex Harassment Joseph Oncale was employed from August to November of 1991 by Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc., as a roustabout on a sea-based oil rig for $7 an hour. He had worked on offshore rigs before (and does today), but says hes never encountered such abusive treatment as when he signed on with Sundowner. Oncale claims that while on the job he was sexually harassed by three male Sundowner employees: John Lyons, his supervisor; and Danny Pippen and Brandon Johnson, two co-workersRead MoreThe Effects Of Trauma On Children And Professional Adults Essay882 Words   |  4 Pagespublic education system to use for children in the classroom, such as the start of the day in homeroom as mentioned in Hooker Fordor’s article (2008).  Question 5 The reading on Sexual Abuse Images in Cyberspace: Expanding the Ecology of the Child utilizes the reknowned Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model of understanding a child’s world explains that cyberspace needs to be included in children’s ecology (Martin Alaggia, 2013). Brofenbrenner’s ecological model looks to the social, emotional and physicalRead MoreSexual Harassment And Its Effects On Children1661 Words   |  7 PagesSexual harassment sounds like an adult issue, or something that is only a problem in a work environment. Most people won’t even hear it identified or defined until possibly in the later years of high school, or until they start their first jobs, but sexual harassment can start as early as elementary school. What’s worse is that children are unaware that the behavior is wrong, and so it just continues. A lot of people claim that educating children about sexual behavior is unnecessary, when it couldRead MoreMany Things Contrib ute To The Way A Person Acts, Or Reacts,1640 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed in feminism. As a female who identifies as a feminist, my thoughts regarding issues such as equal pay, reproductive rights, and sexual violence often differ greatly than those of my male friends, who often do not identify as a feminist. I decided to focus on the latter of the issues mentioned, specifically looking at how women’s perceptions on sexual harassment differ from men’s. Researching this topic is valuable for several reasons. First, we plan to go beyond looking at simply how differentRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Ethical Practices1503 Words   |  7 Pagesexample, web surfing, online shopping and playing game are the most unethical use of technology in the workplace (MacSweenney, 2001). Malachowski (2005) stated that 44.7% over 10,000 candidates of the research cited web surfing as their most distraction at the workplace. Another ethical issue at the workplace that is related to technological advances is the high tech sexual harassment. According to Tomlinson (n.d) many companies has faced this new type of sexual harassment at the workplace. For exampleRead MoreStudents Seek Change For Title Xi1417 Words   |  6 PagesAbigail Daniels POLI 310 Policy Memorandum: Title XI September 10th, 2016 Students Seek Change for Title XI Title XI at Glance Every time an American citizen turns on the news, there is a headline involving a sexual harassment case or unfortunately, cases of rape. Most news stories are focused on a questionable school policy that fails to have reasonable judgment and punishment for students involved. Recent cases in the news, like the Brock Turner case has turned viral due to the publicity

The Indonesian Forest Holocaust - 3277 Words

The Indonesian Forest Holocaust Marianne Phan Introduction The tropical rainforest of Indonesia was once the most biologically diverse forests in the world. Its rainforests accounted for 10% of the world’s plant species, 12% of the world’s mammal species, 16% of reptile species and 17% of the bird species (Hamilton 1996). In the late 1960s, commercial exploitation of Indonesia’s natural forests became a means to boost economic development under the Suharto’s regime by enabling the government to issue logging concessions. However, the lack of natural resource management of its natural forests caused backlash from locals and international communities led to the downfall of the Suharto regime in 1998 (Yasmi, Guernier Colfer 2009).†¦show more content†¦The first section of the essay will provide an overview of the issue and the vicious cycle contributing to the depletion of Indonesian tropical forests. The second section will investigate into the current regulations implemented by the Indonesian government t o regulate the environmental impacts of deforestation. The essay will then conclude by examining the business opportunities and risks that arises from this regulatory system. The deforestation epidemic in Indonesia The detrimental effects of deforestation Ongoing practices of deforestation will cause detrimental effect on the entire ecosystem throughout Asia and the world. It is evident that deforestation contributes a substantial volume of carbon emissions globally, with deforestation in most developing countries accounting for approximately 30 percent of global emissions (Johnson 2009). Dense atmospheric CO2 concentrations from land clearing and logging will produce too much carbon dioxide to linger in the atmosphere. Moreover, forest fires are resulting from deforestation as moisture from the soils are dried up, therefore causing further destruction of forests (Mongabay 2006). Once the trees are burnt, it will also release leftover carbon that was previously stored as carbon dioxide within it. This will lead to greater concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which would then modify the surface temperature due to the creating a

AP Spanish Language Scores Learn What Colleges Require

Most colleges and universities have a foreign language requirement, and a high score on the AP Spanish Language and Culture exam will sometimes fulfill that requirement. Successful completion of an Advanced Placement Spanish Language class is also a strong credential for demonstrating your language proficiency during the admissions process. About the AP Spanish Language and Culture Exam The AP Spanish Language and Culture exam takes just over three hours to complete. The test has listening, reading, and writing components. Section I of the exam is made up of 65 multiple choice questions and counts for 50% of the total exam score. This section has two parts: Part A ask students to answer questions related to Spanish language sources drawn from literature, ads, maps, tables, letters, and newspapers.Part B of the exam focuses on a combination of listening and reading. Students will answer questions after listening to audio texts drawn from sources such as interviews, podcasts and conversations. Section II of the exam focuses on writing. Students must perform four tasks: Task 1 asks students to read and respond to an email message.For Task 2, students write a persuasive essay that integrates three source documents (an article, a table or graphic, and an audio text).Task 3 requires students to preview a conversation and then answer five questions related to the conversation.The final task involves presentation speaking in which students compare cultural features of their own community with those found in an area of the Spanish-speaking world. To learn more specific information about the AP Spanish Language exam, be sure to visit the  official College Board website. AP Spanish Language and Culture Score Information In 2018, over 180,435 students took the exam and those test-takers earned a mean score of 3.69. AP exams are scored using a 5-point scale. The distribution of scores for the AP Spanish Language exam is as follows: AP Spanish Language Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 42,708 23.7 4 62,658 34.7 3 53,985 29.9 2 18,597 10.3 1 2,487 1.4 Note that these scores represent the total group of students who took the exam, including students who studied outside of the U.S. and may be regular speakers of Spanish. For the standard group of test-takers (those from the U.S. who learned Spanish in U.S. schools), the mean score was a 3.45, and a smaller percentage of students received a 4 or 5. College Credit and Course Placement for AP Spanish Most colleges and universities that have a liberal arts and sciences core curriculum will have a foreign language requirement, and Spanish is the most popular option among U.S. students.   The table below presents some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general overview of the scoring and placement practices related to the AP Spanish Language exam. For colleges not listed below and to get the most up-to-date placement data, youll need to search the schools website or contact the appropriate Registrars office. You can see that nearly all colleges provide college credit for a high score on the AP Spanish Language and Culture exam. Placement, however, varies significantly. At UCLA, a score of 3 or higher fulfills a students foreign language requirement. Highly selective schools like MIT, Yale, and Grinnell, however, do not award any course placement based on AP Spanish exam scores.   AP Spanish Language Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Grinnell College 4 or 5 4 semester credits; no placement LSU 3, 4 or 5 SPAN 1101 and 1102 (8 credits) for a 3; SPAN 1101, 1102, and 2101 (11 credits) for a 4; SPAN 1101, 1102, 2101, and 2102 (14 credits) for a 5 MIT 5 9 general elective credits; no placement Mississippi State University 3, 4 or 5 FLS 1113, 1123, 2133 (9 credits) for a 3; FLS 1113,1123, 2133, 2143 (12 credits) for a 4 or 5 Notre Dame 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 Spanish 10101 (3 credits) for a 1; Spanish 10101 and 10102 (6 credits) for a 2; Spanish 10102 and 20201 (6 credits) for a 3; Spanish 20201 and 20202 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit Stanford University 5 10 quarter units; placement exam required if continuing in Spanish Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I and II (6 credits) for a 3; SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I and II, and SPAN 201 Intermediate Spanish I (9 credits) for a 4; SPAN 101 Elementary Spanish I and II and SPAN 201 Intermediate Spanish I and II (12 credits) for a 5 UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits; language requirement fulfilled Yale University 4 or 5 2 credits A Final Word About AP Spanish Language and Culture Whatever score you get on the exam, and whether or not you earn college course credit, the AP Spanish exam can help on the college admissions front. Colleges want to see that applicants have taken the most challenging courses available to them, and AP classes play on important role on that front. Also, completion of an Advanced Placement language class typically means that you have exceeded the minimal foreign language requirement for admission. This shows that you have pushed yourself to learn more than is required of you, a fact that will be a plus when applying to college. Finally, realize that AP exam scores, unlike the SAT and ACT, are typically self reported and are not a required part of a college application. If you scored a 1 or 2 on the exam, you can simply choose to not report your score on your college application.

The Structural Framework Of Letter - 1281 Words

When observing the structural framework of Letter to Romans, chapters nine through eleven are a distinctive unit because of the central focus on God’s inclusion of salvation for all. Awkward sentence structure. Prior to chapters nine through eleven, Paul verbally confronts individually within his religious heritage for justifying their faith through their works to God’s promise rather by grace through faith. Chapters (7-8) explore the importance of tying the law with the gospel in order to live a righteous yet difficult life. Within these chapters, Paul continually berates the Jews for their rejection of Christ and for their faith justified by good works. However, Paul shifts his focus from the jews to the gentiles regarding their†¦show more content†¦I think that this could be correct, I would add a sentence or two explaining why. This scriptural passage is connected to preceding sections by using a transitional phrase â€Å" So that you† (v.25). This corresponds to the transitional phrase of the preceding section on the salvation of the gentiles, â€Å"So I ask,† (thesis points to previou section) Awkward sentence construction (v.11) One could interpret this use of transitional phrases as a series of points stemming from the main argument that Israel is still God’s elect and will attain salvation through the Gentiles according to God’s plan. Within this text, an important conceptual link is this emphasis on â€Å"all of Israel†. The Elijah narrative in the beginning of chapter 11, portrays God granting mercy on the people of Israel even though they have persecuted his prophets and desecrated the altars of God’s temple. However, those who are shown mercy are those 7,000 people who have not worshipped Baal. Paul expands upon this by stating that â€Å" So too at the present time there is a remnant, chosen by grace.† (v.5) The remanent pertains to the Jewish Christians of Paul’s time. However, two sections later, Paul makes an argument that all of Israel, even those who have disobeyed God, will attain salvation and mercy. The NRSV presents two textual problems for this scriptural passage. In verse 28, the word God was not originally in the sentence, therefore the line isShow MoreRelatedDevelopment Of New Qris Systems1502 Words   |  7 Pageswill present the results of those studies as they relate to three key questions 1) Are QRIS measures of quality related to measures of structural and process quality? 2) Do QRIS systems lead to an increase in program quality over time? And 3) Do QRIS ratings relate to children’s developmental outcomes? Do QRIS measures of quality relate to measures of structural and process quality? Fourteen studies related independent quality assessments with QRIS measures of quality (See Appendix A). All studiesRead MoreApple : Make It Informative And Interesting1546 Words   |  7 PagesModel. This model consist of four different frames; structural, political, human resource and symbolic. During this study we will examine two of those frames; structural and symbolic. The structural frame relates to goals, formal relationships, and focuses on data, structure plans and policies. The symbolic frame helps see the culture, the meaning behind the company and focuses on ?heroes?, belief and faith. (Bolman and Deal, 2008) Structural Frame With the new CEO Tim Cook at the helm forRead MoreSummary Of The Scarlet Letter- 1641 Words   |  7 PagesStephanie Nicolino Mrs. Sarich English 11H 10 October 2014 The Scarlet Letter- Chapters 9-12 (Passage Analyzer) Chapters 9 and 10 investigate the relationship in the middle of Chillingworth and Dimmesdale. On one level, Chillingworth speaks to science and Dimmesdale speaks to deep sense of being. Like Chillingworth s disfigured shoulders, Dimmesdale s disease is an outward sign of an internal condition, and not medication or religion suffices to cure it. What hampers his recuperation is hisRead Moreunderstand diversity, equality and inclusion in own are of responsibility1243 Words   |  5 Pagesneeds that do not conform with traditional expectations. Religious belief, where different religious beliefs are not taken into account and minorities are marginalized and not acknowledged. Other significant barriers could be structural, institutional and personal: Structural, where circumstances create or result in barriers - for example in access to a good education adequate housing, sufficient income to meet  basic needs. Institutional, where policies, processes, practices sustain an organisatio nalRead MoreTypes Of Cyber Crimes Performed Through E Mail1705 Words   |  7 Pagesauthorship attribution, and computing statistics. The writers of the article have combined social network analysis with these analytics to create a tool that can track who might be accomplices to malicious e-mailing. Their framework is titled Integrated E-mail Forensic Analysis Framework (IEFAF). With traditional authorship attribution, the writing style of a person is examined by using an entire collection of e-mails without regards to whom they are written. Further more stylometric features are assumedRead MoreThe Legal And Professional Issues Related Disorders, Domestic Violence And Child Abuse1290 Words   |  6 PagesGladding in chapters 3, 9, 12, 14, 15 and 16 looks at working with culturally diverse, therapeutic approaches of psychodynamic, Bowen, Structural, Solution-Focused and Narrative Family Therapies, the ethical, legal and professional issues in family therapy and working with substance related disorders, domestic violence and child abuse. Multiculturalism is a term used â€Å"to refer to distinct cultural groups within a region or nation and their needs† (p. 55). In providing family therapy to culturallyRead MoreReport of Seasonal Goods1608 Words   |  7 Pagesconcessional assistance from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, as well as for debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Country initiative. LDP: Letter of Development Policy sets forth the program of actions, objectives, and policies to be supported by an adjustment lending operation. The prospective borrower prepares the Letter of Development Policy as the basis for such operation. MIGA Documents: The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) was created in 1988 as a memberRead MoreThe Model Of Congruence For Business Enterprise Evaluation1365 Words   |  6 Pagesto outside environmental demands. 7S Framework by McKinsey: The 7S Framework by McKinsey turned into named after a consulting business enterprise, McKinsey, and company, which has performed applied research in enterprise and enterprise (Gaubatz Ensminger, 2015; Hanafizadeh Ravasan, 2011) The authors all worked as specialists at McKinsey and business enterprise; in the 1980’s, they used the version in over seventy massive agencies. The McKinsey 7S Framework become generated as a identifiable andRead More Charles Darwin Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagescollecting while at Cambridge seems to have been a little more than collecting. His collecting began to control all of his time, and eventually his thoughts. But they proved very useful once on board the Beagle. (Freeman 91) His hobbies laid the framework for a wonderful life of discovery. In 1825, Robert sent Charles to Edinburgh Medical School to follow in the footsteps of Eras (Charles’ brother) and himself. It was at Edinburgh that Charles discovered that medicine was not in his future. CharlesRead MoreEthical Issues Involved, And Identify Stakeholders2110 Words   |  9 Pagesof her small successful structural engineering firm with a MBA. She has 15 employees working for her firm in renovation of major historic commercial buildings. One of her largest clients Charles A. Smith owns the Inverness Bank an old, well-recognized seven-story granite faced building. Smith is in the final stages of negotiations to sell the Inverness Bank to a group of foreign investors represented by Sam Goldworthy a local attorney. Mr. Goldworthy requested a structural survey of specific building

Ikea Paper Free Essays

string(37) " stated that IKEA is a price setter\." IKEA Business Analysis Industrial Organization – Essay I March 17, 2013 Word count: 3397 Introduction IKEA is a privately held, Swedish multinational company that is one of the world’s largest furnishings retailers. This international home products company designs and sells ready-to-assemble furniture such as beds, chairs, and desks, appliances, and home accessories. The company is the world’s largest furniture retailer. We will write a custom essay sample on Ikea Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now IKEA was founded in 1943 in the South of Sweden, and its name is an acronym of the initials of the founder’s name, Ingvar Kamprad and of Elmtaryd and Agunnaryd, the farm and village where Kamprad grew up. The company is known for its modern architectural designs on various types of appliances and furniture, often associated with a simplified eco-friendly interior design. In addition, the firm is known for the attention it gives to cost control, operational details and continuous product development, allowing it to lower its prices by an average of two to three percent over the decade to 2010, while continuing its global expansion. As of October 2011, IKEA has 332 stores in 38 countries. Most of these stores are directly owned but some are managed under franchise by owners outside the company. By doing this, IKEA faces a higher chance of success than in a sole proprietorship. In fiscal year 2010, it sold $23. 1 billion worth of goods, a 7. 7 percent increase over 2009. In recent years, IKEA purchases from developing countries have grown from 32% in 1998 to 48% in 2003; 29% of its output comes from Asia, 67% from Europe and 4% from the USA (Arrigo, 2005). For a long time, Poland was the second supplier of raw materials after Sweden, but there was recently a giddy increase in China which, in 2004, accounted for 14% of total output, followed by Poland with 12%, Sweden with 8%, Italy with 7%, and Germany with 6% (IKEA. com). To achieve its goal of boosting efficiency while cutting costs and prices to the end consumer, IKEA is constantly looking for convenient new locations. This paper will focus on strategic investments decisions with regard to innovation and advertising and strategic product feature decisions. IKEA Supply IKEA’s vision is â€Å"To create a better everyday life for the many people. † To meet its vision IKEA provides many well-designed, functional products for the home. It prices its products low so that as many people as possible can afford to buy them. However, in creating low prices IKEA is not willing to sacrifice its principles. Low price but not at any price† is what IKEA says. This means it wants its business to be sustainable. IKEA supplies goods and services to individuals in a way that has an overall beneficial effect on people and the environment. Customers all over the world have responded positively to IKEA’s approach. This is evident in its increa sing sales. Supply chain IKEA has an extremely efficient supply chain and its management was the key source in IKEA in cost management which gave it a cutting edge among its competitors as it products where charged 30% lower than the cost of its rivals. With regard to the supply chain, the flow of production and processes go through three industrial sectors before the end product reaches the customer. Firstly, it starts with the primary sector concerning raw materials. Natural resources such as timber are extracted and developed. IKEA buys products from more than 1,300 suppliers in 50 countries (The Times 100). It uses a number of trading service offices across the world. They negotiate prices with suppliers, check the quality of materials and analyze the environmental impacts that occur through the supply chain. IKEA aims that all the products and materials it takes from the primary sector do not harm the environment. They also keep an eye on social and working conditions at suppliers. The second step is manufacturing where primary materials are used to build, manufactured and developed to finished goods. A key part of IKEA’s success is due to its communications with materials’ suppliers and manufacturers. During manufacturing IKEA specifies to its producers that waste should be avoided. Where waste does occur the firm encourages suppliers to try to use it in the manufacture of other products. IKEA has a code of conduct called the IKEA Way of Purchasing Home Furnishing Products, the IWAY (The Times 100). This contains minimum rules and guidelines that help manufacturers to reduce the impact of their activities on the environment. IKEA aims that all there products are manufactured in a responsible way. The tertiary sector provides services needed to meet the needs of the end users such as retailing, distribution, insurance, and customer services. IKEA’s retail stores add value to manufactured goods by providing a form of shopping different to the usual high-street experience. They meet the needs of the consumers in a number of different ways. Each IKEA store is large and holds more than 9,500 products giving lots of choice. Within each store, there are a number of realistic room settings that enable customers to see what the products would look like in their own homes. In addition, the IKEA store is built on a concept of â€Å"you do half, we do half; together we save money†. This refers to, for example, the customer assembling furniture at home. Customers handpick products themselves using trolleys. Also, IKEA provides catalogues and home delivery to save customers’ time. IKEA stores also have restaurants that provide Swedish dishes alongside local food choices. IKEA Competition To define the relevant market, IKEA operates in a perfectly competitive market. IKEA is a furniture store and there are many other furniture stores owned by various different entities (so there are many suppliers in this market). Normally the firms in a perfectly competitive market would be price takers. However, IKEA has a lot of market power as it is able to raise its prices above the perfectly competitive level without losing many consumers. Therefore it can be stated that IKEA is a price setter. You read "Ikea Paper" in category "Papers" There are off course competitors, however it seems that IKEA does not really take competitor’s decisions into account as they are not really relevant to their own decisions. IKEA sets its prices very low because they face low production costs as a result of strong relationships with its suppliers. Competitors are predictable but even if they were unpredictable, IKEA would not be affected by their decisions as the firm is already at the bottom end of the market. IKEA makes use of their concept in a global strategy that designed furniture for a lower price than other competitors offer that can be sold everywhere for the targeted market segment. Sometimes regional differences appear that arise form national habits, lifestyles and culture. What gives IKEA a huge advantage in selling its products at a lower price springs from their â€Å"young† concept is that the customers have to bring home the products and assemble it themselves. No other firm manufactures as much furniture as IKEA. The firm can and will eliminate any local competition by using their global position. It is a fact that they have no competitors on the global market. IKEA’s success was recognized to its vast experience in the furniture retail market, its product differentiation and cost leadership. Across markets where it presently has a presence, products are sold at prices that are 30 to 50 percent lower than competing products. This penetration pricing enables IKEA to gain significant market share. Low prices are a result of large-quantity purchasing, low-cost logistics, and store location in housing areas. In addition, IKEA also benefits from economies of scale and healthy supplier-firm relationships. IKEA enters into long-term contracts, provides leased equipment and technical support in exchange for exclusive, low-cost manufacturing from suppliers. For new markets, IKEA should retain its price-image to maintain the brand’s positioning. IKEA strives for cost leadership, and for this reason it negotiates the most cheap conditions with a very large number of suppliers, a large part of whom live in eastern Europe and Asia, where the cost of raw materials, manpower and warehouse rentals is lower than elsewhere. IKEA always tries to acquire raw materials at the best price, choosing the suppliers with the cheapest price but it is equally focused on maintaining good relationships with them to avoid late deliveries or poor workmanship. IKEA’s low cost policy is based on several factors. Firstly, and previously already mentioned, it is based on economies of scale where large volumes reduce the unit cost of production. Secondly, the low cost policy is based on economies of transport where large orders of products permit to IKEA to transfer transport costs to suppliers. Low running costs inside the stores is also a factor. For example, the group uses buildings that are easy to build and inexpensive to manage, and it also has a ‘dressdown policy’, with all employees wearing the same uniforms, which are very simple and ractical. A last factor with regard to low cost policy is the purchases of unassembled products from suppliers with a consequent reduction of costs (taxes are lower for components than for finished products). IKEA Demand With regard to the number of buyers, this market faces a great number of buyers as IKEA wishes to reach everyone who needs a new piece of furniture or accessory. IKEA provides its products to end consumers as it only supplies their final products. These consumers can be households, other companies, or governments for example. On the demand side, the active participation of its customers, who are seen as genuine partners, is a source of economic saving for IKEA. Most of its products are packed in flat packs and the customer has to take them home and assemble them, paying the cost of transport and assembly, and thus reducing storage costs for IKEA. Wherever consumers go to IKEA stores, products are always the same. Consumers therefore know what they can expect and for what price. This is a very strong characteristic of IKEA because familiarity with a brand makes consumers come back. The 9,500 products that IKEA supplies is available in all IKEA stores and customers can order much of the range online through IKEA’s website. By doing this, IKEA makes products easier accessible, reducing the distance a consumers has to travel when choosing to purchase IKEA products, and bundles its good together with home deliveries of the orders. An IKEA market strategy in terms of service providence to their customers is always a unique one. The stores and services of IKEA are very much different from the other furniture vendors. The stores are very much spacious and divided into cheerful model rooms. This provides wide range of services to its customers to choose the furniture according to the measurements of their house along with the prices and variety of designs that are showed in kiosks. In addition, IKEA also provides childcare centers and include restaurants and cafes serving typical Swedish food. They also have small food shops selling Swedish groceries, everything from the famous meatballs to jam. Stores are located worldwide. It welcomed a total of 565 million visitors to the stores during the year 2008 and a further 450 million visits were made to the IKEA website. Low prices are one of the cornerstones of the IKEA concept and help to make customers want to buy from IKEA. IKEA’s products cater for every lifestyle and life stage of its customers, who come from all age groups and types of households. This is vital in times when the retail sector is depressed, as it increases IKEA’s potential market. The wide range of products that IKEA offers are of most value for consumers. Consumers prefer to have a lot of choice for good quality and low prices. IKEA’s product based market strategy drew many customers to their store and kept it the top position in the global market of the furniture companies. As previously mentioned, IKEA issued variant catalogs of their products in different native languages so as to reach all sections of their customers. IKEA also adopted some of the experimental marketing strategies for the publicity of their products. In earlier years it has taken decision to decorate a chain hotel with their furniture that has become a beneficial market strategy for both the parties. Its main aim is to target the customers of that hotel and market their products. Even the chain hotel gets benefit to decorate their hotels with lavishing furniture at low cost. Furthermore, the most important strategy of IKEA is not providing the exit for the customers who had entered in to their stores without having seen all the furniture in store. In this phenomenon there is scope that the customers may go for the more furniture that is not actually needed (Kotelnikov, 2005). Since it was founded IKEA has always had concern for people and the environment. The IKEA vision â€Å"to create a better everyday life for the many people† puts this concern at the heart of the business. IKEA has responded to the public’s rising concern for sustainability in its choice of product range, suppliers, stores and communication. It has also spotted business potential in providing sustainable solutions. IKEA’s concern for people and the environment encourages it to make better use of both raw materials and energy. This keeps costs down and helps the company to reach its green targets and have an overall positive impact on the environment. IKEA aims to be a responsible organization and believes that a strong environmental stance is good business practice, as it also has shown as the current trend of more â€Å"green† and environmental friendly preferences of consumers when choosing their products. Demand Supply Function Demand Function There are a couple of variables that are relevant to the quantity (Qd) of IKEA goods and services that consumers are willing and able to purchase, in other words demand. First of all the price of the goods (P) IKEA sets affects the demand. Next to P, prices of related goods and services (PR) are also important as those are goods from which inputs are derived to be used in the production of the primary good. The prices of related goods and services are therefore taken into account when IKEA sets its price (P). The expected future price of products (Pe) might also influence demand because if a consumer believes that the price of the good will be higher in the future, he or she is more likely to purchase the good now. In addition, prices of all other companies’ products (P1†¦Pn-1) have an influence on the demand function of IKEA. If their prices are much lower than IKEA prices, consumers will buy from other firms. However, as already mentioned, this is not the case for IKEA as they offer products for low prices. Also, if the consumer expects that his income will be higher in the future, the consumer may buy the good now. Therefore, expected future income (Ye) also affects demand. Thirdly, the incomes of consumers (Y) are also relevant to demand because this influences the ability to purchase the IKEA goods. Demand is also affected by the number of consumers in the market (N), the more consumers in the market, the higher the demand for the IKEA products. Moreover, advertising expenditure (A) affects demand as well. The more advertising, the more consumers are informed or persuaded to come and buy at IKEA. IKEA shows to be very efficient at this with providing their catalogs. Lastly, consumer tastes and preferences (T) also affect demand. It seems that consumers prefer IKEA products over other products because of its low prices and quality of the products. However, consumers incur transportation costs (t) that have an effect on preferring to buy from IKEA (which is often located just outside the city center) or to buy from a shop closer to their homes. Consumers know that IKEA provides very high quality products no matter in which shop they will buy the products and consumers could therefore prefer IKEA products over other. The general demand function for IKEA would therefore be: Qd = f (P, PR, Pe, Y, Ye, N, A, T(t)) or, Qd = a + bP + cPR + dPe + e(P1†¦Pn-1) + fM + gYe + hN + iA + jT(t) Where b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are slope parameters that measure the effect on Qd of changing one of the variables while holding the others constant. We assume that, all in the short run, there is no change in taste and preference, that the income of the consumer is constant, that there is no change in customs, habit and quality of goods, no change in substitute products, related products and the price of the product, and finally, that there are no complementary goods. Supply Function There are a couple of factors that affect supply, the amount of products IKEA is willing and able to sell at a given price all other factors being held constant. Firstly, the price of IKEA’s products (P) influences the supply function. Ikea can be seen as a leader in this market and therefore it might be the case that the firm cuts its price, possibly as an attempt to keep the number of entrants low. Secondly, the price of related goods (PR) influences the supply function. If the PR increases, the cost of production will increase and therefore supply would decrease. Thirdly, technology (T) with regard to production affects supply in a way that whenever there is a technological advancement or technology used making production very efficient, the supply increases as production costs decrease. In addition, the price of inputs (PI) such as labor, energy, raw materials, influence supply. When PI increases, sellers are likely to raise P for each unit of output. For IKEA it is known that they have access to relatively cheap raw materials and an increase in PI would not quickly lead to an increase in P because IKEA aims to keep its prices low. Moreover, the number of suppliers (N) in this market might have a small effect on the supply function of IKEA. There are already many suppliers in this market and an increase in N would not lead to a significant decrease in P of IKEA. As stated previously, in creating low prices IKEA is not willing to sacrifice its principles (â€Å"low price but not at any price†). Expectations (Em) concerning the future market condition can directly affect IKEA’s supply in that whenever IKEA believes that the demand for its product will increase in the foreseeable future, IKEA will immediately increase production in anticipation of this increasing demand and therefore future price increases. Lastly, government policies (G) and regulations can have a significant effect on IKEA’s supply. For example environmental regulations could influence decisions IKEA has to take in consideration when switching to a new supplier of raw materials. The general supply function for IKEA would therefore be: Qs = f (P, PR, T, PI, N, Em, G) Assuming that all consumers know all things, about all products, at all times (including knowing the probabilistic outcome of all future events), and therefore always make the best decision regarding purchase. In addition, assuming that Ikea is the leader in a market with a large and endogenous number of firms. Decisions As IKEA is already at the bottom end of the market and operating very efficiently and profitably, the only decisions that they will face would be concerning future investments, advertising, and product features. One of the things that IKEA is now able to do is expanding more to new markets. So far, IKEA has limited its store locations to some of the most heavily populated markets in the countries in which it competes. To continue its growth trends, IKEA may have to begin investigating other (smaller) communities. IKEA has to consider how it will respond if and when a lower priced competitor enters its market. Also, IKEA may want to consider that its product assortment and promotions may not appeal to all cultures. However, for new markets, IKEA should retain its price-image to maintain the brand’s positioning. New cultures mean also that branding has to adapt to popularity in those particular new countries. For IKEA, despite the history of success the company has enjoyed thus far, there are no guarantees for the future. If IKEA does not keep on innovating and making the right expansion decisions, the company will become increasingly vulnerable to new competitors. Word count: 3397 References Arrigo, E. (2005). Corporate Responsibility and Hypercompetition. The IKEA Case. Symphonya, 2, pp. 37-57 Facts and figures, www. IKEA. com. Kotelnikov, V. (2005) Experimental Marketing. Retrieved from: http://www. 1000ventures. com/business_guide/marketing_experiential. html Building a sustainable supply chain: An IKEA case study. The Times 100. How to cite Ikea Paper, Papers

Diploma of Leadership and Management

Question: Discuss about theDiploma of Leadership and Management. Answer: Introduction Thy budget figures are listed in the following table and the variations from the budgeted figure is also indicated in separate column. Budget Expenses Budgeted Actual Variance Redesign web site to improve branding $ 5,000 $ 5,225 $ (225) Design and implement an incentive scheme $ 2,400 $ 2,510 $ (110) Conduct a radio advertising campaign $ 10,000 $ 9,800 $ 200 On-line communications newsletters, websites. Blogs - - - Stand at VCE Careers Expo 2016 $ 3,300 $ 3,450 $ (150) Develop and publish 2016 promotional brochure $ 1,500 $ 1,570 $ (70) Sponsor community organization to improve local community profile $ 2,000 $ 2,100 $ (100) Contingency amount $ 800 $ 850 $ (50) $ 25,000 $ 25,205 $ (505) The most of the expenditure were overrun in most of the cases. The expenditure which overrun are as following; Redesign web site to improve branding $225 Design and implement an incentive scheme $110 Stand at VCE Careers Expo 2016 $150 Develop and publish 2016 promotional brochure $70 Sponsor community organization to improve local community profile $100 Contingency amount $50 Introduction: Business needs financial plan. The implementation of the financial plans of companies requires different forecasting methods and techniques to understand cost and benefit (profit) from such business. The budget is one of such tool to measure the business activity and the expected cost to be spent on the business the tool for forecasting the financials (Weygandt et al., 2009). Projected and Actual Budget and Variance: The budget is the statement of the expected cost that would have to be earmarked for the future. It is very obvious that there will be cost overrun in the most of allocations due to time factors and the inflation factor. The proper estimation of the cost is challenging part of affair for any industry and therefore ascertaining the estimation would involve significant brain storming. The variance from the budgeted cost has not been that significant. The total variance in this case stood at $505 which is 2.02% higher than the allocated expenditure (INC, 2015). Overall Level of Variance: The overall level of variance from budgeted expenditure has not been significant. The cost overrun is by 2.02%. The variance of marketing activities is listed as following: Expenses Variance Redesign web site to improve branding $ (225) Design and implement an incentive scheme $ (110) Conduct a radio advertising campaign $ 200 On-line communications newsletters, websites. Blogs - Stand at VCE Careers Expo 2016 $ (150) Develop an publish 2016 promotional brochure $ (70) Sponsor community organisation to improve local community profile $ (100) Contingency amount $ (50) Actual Variance $ (505) Reasons for Overrun: The most important factors for cost overrun are as following; The inflation is the major factor for the cost over runs. As the time passes, the implementation costs increases due to increase in commodity prices and of the materials and also salaries and wages. There are other reasons for the increase in the cost of the goods and the service. Here, the company has allocated a budget each year to spend on marketing. These costs are mostly represented from the service sector. Any increase in the overall cost structure of the service provider, will reflect in the cost allocated or earmarked for specific services (Mymoneycoach, 2016). Proposed Solutions: The implementation is the important part of business activities. If the plans are implemented in time and in proper manner, the company would be able to save significant money. The cost overrun would not be at unbearable stage. Therefore the implementation would be the biggest factor in saving money from cost overrun. Conclusion: These important factors for consideration have to be pondered with, so that the implementation programme does not get delayed for any reason and cost does not hurt the company to much. Budget Expenses Actual Projected Redesign web site to improve branding $ 5,225 $ 5,460 Design and implement an incentive scheme $ 2,510 $ 2,600 Conduct a radio advertising campaign $ 9,800 $ 10,400 On-line communications newsletters, websites. Blogs - - Stand at VCE Careers Expo 2016 $ 3,450 $ 3,650 Develop an publish 2016 promotional brochure $ 1,570 $ 1,620 Sponsor community organisation to improve local community profile $ 2,100 $ 2,250 Contingency amount $ 850 $ 890 $ 25,505 $ 26,870 References: INC, 2015. Budgets and Budgeting. [Online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/budgetsandbudgeting.html [Accessed 21 September 2016]. Mymoneycoach, 2016. What is Budgeting? What is a Budget? [Online] Available at: https://www.mymoneycoach.ca/budgeting/what-is-a-budget-planning-forecasting [Accessed 21 September 2016]. Weygandt, J.J., Kimmel, P.D. Kieso, D.E., 2009. Managerial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making. [Online] Hoboken: books.google.co.in Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vol37b8_lLECpg=PA402dq=cash+budgethl=ensa=Xei=u8T7VLikJ5XluQSyh4CwAgved=0CD8Q6AEwBQ#v=onepageq=cash%20budgetf=false [Accessed 21 September 2016].

Logistics Management free essay sample

Few areas of business involve the complexity or span the geography typical of logistics. Logistics is concerned with getting products and services where they are needed whenever they are desired. Most consumers take a high level of logistical competency for granted. When they go to store, they expect products to be available and fresh. It is rather difficult to visualize any marketing or manufacturing without logistical support Modern logistics is also a paradox. Logistics has been performed since the beginning of civilization: it’s hardly new. However implementing best practice of logistics has become one of the most exciting and challenging operational areas of business and public sector management According to Council of logistics management: â€Å"Logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming the customer requirement†. Logistical management includes the design and administration of systems to controls the flow of material, work- in – process, and finished inventory to support business unit strategy. Logistics is the designing and managing of a system in order to control the flow of material throughout a corporation. This is a very important part of an international company because of geographical barriers. Logistics of an international company includes movement of raw materials, coordinating flows into and out of different countries, choices of transportation, and cost of the transportation, packaging the product for shipment, storing the product, and managing the entire process. Analysis of the figure of evolution of logistics [pic] Fragmentation 1960 This era was known as fragmentation because every thing that done was disintegrated Evolving Integration At this stage of time new concepts of Logistical management were evolving Total integration In the present scenario because of technological advances logistics has evolved as part of management Concept of Logistics The concept of logistics is fairly new in the business world. The theoretical development was not used until 1966. Since then, many business practices have evolved and logistics currently costs between 10 and 25 percent of the total cost of an international purchase. There are two main phases that are important in the movement of materials: material management and physical distribution; Materials management is the timely movement of raw materials, parts, and supplies. The physical distribution is the movement of the firms finished products to the customers. Both phases involve every stage of the process including storage. The ultimate goal of logistics is: To coordinate all efforts of the company to maintain a cost effective flow of goods. Word, ’Logistics’ is derived from French word ‘loger’, which means art of war pertaining to movement and supply of armies. A military concept, fighting a war requires: i. Setting of an objective ii. Meticulous planning to achieve the objective iii. Troops properly deployed iv. Supply line consisting weaponry, food, medical assistance, etc. maintained v. Plan should be such that there is minimum loss to men material Like fighting a war in the battlefield, the marketing managers also need a suitable logistics plan that is capable of satisfying the company objective of meeting profitably the demand of targeted customers. Inbound logistics + Material Management + Physical Distribution =Logistics Discussion of each and every term in this above summation i. Inbound logistics covers the movement of materials received from suppliers ii. Material management describes the movements of material components within a firm iii. Physical distribution refers to movement of goods outward from the end of the assembly line to the costumer. iv. Supply- chain management is somewhat larger than logistics and it links logistics more directly within the user’s total communication network with the firm engineering staff. It includes manufacturer and suppliers but also transporters, warehouses, retailers and customers themselves. Importance of logistics i. Transportation cost rose rapidly due to the rise in fuel prices ii. Production efficiency was reaching a peak iii. Fundamental change in inventory philosophy iv. Product line proliferated v. Computer technology vi. Increased use or computers vii. Increased public concern of products Growth of several new, large retail chains or mass merchandise with large demands very sophisticated logistics services, by pass traditional channel distribution viii. Reduction in economic regulation ix. Growing power of retailers x. Globalization The interrelation of different logistics element and their costs should be based on total cost rather than individual costs. The objectives of Logistics Operating Objectives In terms of logistical system design and administration, each firm must simultaneously achieve at least six different operational objectives. These operational objectives, which are the primary determinants of logistical performance, include rapid response, minimum variance, minimum inventory, movement consolidation, quality, and life-cycle support. Each objective is briefly discussed. Rapid Response Rapid response is concerned with a firms ability to satisfy customer service requirements in a timely manner. Information technology has increased the capability to postpone logistical operations to the latest possible time and then accomplish rapid delivery of required inventory. The result is elimination of excessive inventories traditionally stocked in anticipation of customer requirements. Rapid response capability shifts operational emphasis from an anticipatory posture based on forecasting and inventory stocking to responding to customer requirements on a shipment-to-shipment basis. Because inventory is typically not moved in a time-based system until customer requirements are known and performance is committed, little tolerance exists for operational deficiencies Minimum Variance Variance is any unexpected event that disrupts system performance. Variance may result from any aspect of logistical operations. Delays in expected time of customer order receipt, an unexpected disruption in manufacturing, goods arriving damaged at a customers location, or delivery to an incorrect location-all result in a time disruption in operations that must be resolved. Potential reduction of variance relates to both internal and external operations. Operating areas of a logistical system are subject to potential variance. The traditional solution to accommodating variance was to establish safety stock inventory or use high-cost premium transportation. Such practices, given their expense and associated risk, have been replaced by using information technology to achieve positive logistics Control. To the extent that variances are minimized, logistical productivity improves as a result of economical operations. Thus, a basic objective of overall logistical performance is to minimize variance. Minimum Inventory The objective of minimum variance involves asses commitment and relative turn velocity. Total commitment is the financial value of inventory deployed throughout the logistical system. Turn velocity involves the rate of inventory usage over time. High turn rates, coupled with inventory availability, means that assets devoted to inventory are being effectively utilized. The objective is to reduce inventory deployment to the lowest level consistent with customer service goals to achieve the lowest overall total logistics cost. Concepts like zero inventories have become increasingly as managers seek to reduce inventory deployment. The reality of reengineering a system is that operational defects do not become apparent until inventories are reduced to their lowest possible level. While the goal of eliminating all inventories is attractive, it is important to remember that inventory can and does facilitate some important benefits in a logistical system. Inventories can provide improved return on investment when they result in economies of scale in manufacturing or procurement. The objective is to reduce and manage inventory to the lowest possible level while simultaneously achieving desired operating objectives. To achieve the objective of minimum inventory, the logistical system design must control commitment and turn velocity for the entire firm, not merely for each business location. Movement consolidation One of the most significant logistical costs is transportation. Transportation cost is directly related to the type of product, size of shipment, and distance. Many Logistical systems that feature premium service depend on high-speed, small-shipment transportation. Premium transportation is typically high-cost. To reduce transportation cost, it is desirable to achieve movement consolidation. As a general rule, the larger the overall shipment and the longer the distance it is transported, the lower the transportation cost per unit. This requires innovative programs to group small shipments for consolidated movement. Such programs must be facilitated by working arrangements that transcend the overall supply chain. Quality improvement A fifth logistical objective is to seek continuous quality improvement. Total quality management (TQM) has become a major commitment throughout all facets of industry. Overall commitment to TQM is one of the major forces contributing to the logistical renaissance. If a product becomes defective or if service promises are not kept, little, if any, value is added by the logistics. Logistical costs, once expended, cannot be reversed. In fact, when quality fails, the logistical performance typically needs to be reversed and then repeated. Logistics itself must perform to demanding quality standards.

Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Essay Example

Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Paper â€Å"Everything has changed since I was your age† . is what my grandma had to state when asked about her experience turning up. My grandma. Mrs. Ruby Parker Sloan was born on December 6th. 1943 in a little town in Ohio. She was raised in a little farmhouse along with 4 sisters. Her female parent was a usual adult female of her clip ; one that stayed at place with the kids. cooked. cleaned and maintained the house. Her male parent was besides a usual adult male of his clip ; one that worked throughout the hours of the twenty-four hours in order to supply for his family-a adult male that had been working since the age of 9 old ages old. We will write a custom essay sample on Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer My grandma has raised 4 kids. including myself ; so she has seen firsthand the alterations and differences in non merely her and my coevalss. but the coevalss in between. She has experienced the alterations of racism. engineering. parenting. ethical motives. warfare and many other facets of our society. For her. she felt society as a whole has changed dramatically. One of her chief concerns of the differences of now and so was the differences in parenting. She pointed out that during her clip it was unheard of for there to be a school hiting similar to that of the Columbine or Virginia Tech incidents. She felt that had a batch to make with rearing itself ; that parents were evidently non concerned with their kids and/or non involved plenty in their lives to cognize that they were be aftering to perpetrate a mass slaying of their equals with arms stored under their ain roof. Another point that concerned her was the difference in child subject. She is a steadfast truster in â€Å"whipping† your kid instead than â€Å"no. no† and the ill-famed â€Å"five 2nd count† used by parents today. She stated that kids need to understand the effects to certain actions†¦most of which can do injury to themselves or others. One thing she said about her experience as a parent was â€Å"Some childs merely necessitate a good spankin‘â€Å" . My grandma told me that you would neer see a kid stating their parents â€Å"no† or â€Å"I hate you† during her clip. it merely didn’t happen. â€Å"There was a degree of regard between kids and their parents so. something that a batch of childs today merely don’t have any more†¦that’s the parents’ fault† is what she told me. Today’s civilization was something my grandma felt strongly about. She felt that one of the ruins of our civilization today was the publicity of sex everyplace you turn. which â€Å"especially influences the immature 1s of today† she stated. She felt that this advertisement in music. telecasting. and everyplace else you go merely teaches kids the pleasance and exhilaration of sex itself alternatively of the morality and effects involved. My grandma continued to state me a scenario where she was driving to the shop a few hebdomads ago and she heard a vocal with the chorus â€Å"birthday sex† and that the individual singing it sounded really immature. â€Å"What the snake pit is that all about† she said. â€Å"It’s awful how these grownups that promote and advertise this material are okay with it† she stated. My grandma said telecasting didn’t even show pregnant adult females on it when she was turning up. her parents besides slept in different beds during that clip. Elvis Presley was looked upon severely by parents of her clip because of the sexual nature of his dance. â€Å"You can’t even turn to the household channel without seeing a show about a pregnant adolescent or some kind of sexual thing traveling on†¦it’s merely sad† she said. She besides felt that this publicity of sex to childs and immature grownups was the cause of self esteem issues and that it was besides the perpetrator for a batch of childs these yearss â€Å"thinkin’ they’re grown because sex is such a cool and grown up thing to do† . Arouse these yearss. to her. is making nil but directing the incorrect message to immature grownups about self visual aspect and determination devising when it comes down to compensate or wrong. When my grandma was turning up engineering was. a fortunate household on the street having a black and white telecasting. There was no electronic mail. texting. cell-phones. etc. Peoples still entirely relied on the old fashioned cast and envelope method†¦or even a more advanced version†¦the wire. My grandma ever mentions how much she loves her high definition. level screen telecasting ; something she could neer conceive of bing as a kid. My grandma ever seems to be amazed by engineering today. and it besides seems she is normally 10 old ages behind the apprehension of today’s engineering. During our conversation. she continually referred to her DVD participant as a â€Å"VCR† . She besides seemed amazed by the promotion in today’s computing machine and picture games to that of even when I was a kid with a first coevals Nintendo. My grandma has been around to travel from the record participant. 8track participant. cassette participant. Cadmium participant. all the manner to the digital MP3 participants that can keep 1000s of vocals in something half the size of a deck of cards. â€Å"it merely amazes me†¦technology today†¦just imagine where it will be when you’re [ me ] my age! † she said. Talking to my grandma in an interview manner was a really interesting experience. It gave me penetration on a different clip that was experienced by someone†¦a clip that has passed and will neer be relived the same. It caused me to believe of how I am at the same point in my life that she was at my age ; it besides caused me to inquire how things will differ from today and two coevalss from now. Society has changed drastically since my grandmothers’ coevals and it will go on to turn throughout mine the same†¦hopefully for the better. but I guess it’s all about who you ask.

Profile of Pakistans ISI (Inter-Services Intelligence)

Profile of Pakistan's ISI (Inter-Services Intelligence) Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) is the country’s largest of its five intelligence services. It is a controversial, sometimes rogue organization that Benazir Bhutto, the late Pakistani prime minister, once termed a â€Å"state within a state† for its tendency to operate outside of the Pakistani government’s control and at cross-purposes with American anti-terror policy in South Asia. The International Business Times ranked the ISI as the top intelligence agency in the world in 2011. How the ISI Became so Powerful The ISI became that â€Å"state within a state† only after 1979, largely thanks to billions of dollars in American and Saudi aid and armament covertly channeled exclusively through the ISI to the mujahideen of Afghanistan to fight the Soviet occupation of that country in the 1980s. Muhammad Zia ul-Haq, Pakistans military dictator from 1977-1988 and the countrys first Islamist leader, had positioned himself as the indispensable ally of American interests against Soviet expansion in South Asia and the ISI as the indispensable clearinghouse through which all aid and armament would flow. Zia, not the CIA, decided what insurgent groups got what. The arrangement was to have far-reaching implications the CIA didnt foresee, making Zia and the ISI the unlikely (and, in retrospect, disastrous) hinge of U.S. policy in South Asia. The ISI’s Complicity With the Taliban For their part, Pakistan’s leaders- Zia, Bhutto and Pervez Musharraf among them- seldom hesitated to use the ISI’s double-dealing skills to their advantage. That’s especially true regarding Pakistan’s relationship with the Taliban, which the ISI helped create in the mid-1990s and subsequently finance, arm and keep in business as a hedge against India’s influence in Afghanistan. Either directly or indirectly, the ISI has never stopped supporting the Taliban, even after 2001 when Pakistan ostensibly became an ally of the United States in the war on al-Qaeda and the Taliban. â€Å"Thus,† British-Pakistani journalist Ahmad Rashid wrote in Descent Into Chaos, Rashid’s analysis of the failed American mission in South Asia between 2001 and 2008, â€Å"even as some ISI officers were helping U.S. officers locate Taliban targets for U.S. bombers [in 2002], other ISI officers were pumping in fresh armaments to the Taliban. On the Afghan side of the border, [Northern Alliance] intelligence operatives compiled lists of the arriving ISI trucks and handed them to the CIA.† Similar patterns continue to this day, especially on the Afghan-Pakistani border, where Taliban militants are believed often to be tipped off by ISI operatives of impending American military action. A Call for the ISI’s Dismantling As a report by the Defense Academy, a British Ministry of Defense think tank, concluded in 2006, â€Å"Indirectly, Pakistan [through the ISI] has been supporting terrorism and extremism- whether in London on 7/7 or in Afghanistan or Iraq.† The report called for the dismantling of the ISI. In July 2008, the Pakistani government attempted to bring the ISI under civilian rule. The decision was reversed within hours, thus underscoring the power of the ISI and the weakness of the civilian government. On paper (according to the Pakistani Constitution), the ISI is answerable to the prime minister. In reality, the ISI is officially and effectively a branch of the Pakistani military, itself a semi-autonomous institution that has either overthrown Pakistan’s civilian leadership or ruled over the country for most of its independence since 1947. Located in Islamabad, the ISI boasts a staff of tens of thousands, much of it army officers and enlisted men, but its reach is much more vast. It exercises that reach through retired ISI agents and militants under its influence or patronage- including the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and several extremists groups in Kashmir, the province Pakistan and India have been disputing for decades. The ISI’s Complicity With al-Qaeda â€Å"By the fall of 1998,† Steve Coll writes in Ghost Wars, a history of the CIA and al-Qaeda in Afghanistan since 1979, â€Å"CIA and other American intelligence reporting had documented many links between ISI, the Taliban, [Osama] bin Laden and other Islamic militants operating from Afghanistan. Classified American reporting showed that Pakistani intelligence maintained about eight stations inside Afghanistan, staffed by active ISI officers or retired officers on contract. CIA reporting showed that Pakistani intelligence officers at about the colonel level met with bin Laden or his representatives to coordinate access to training camps for volunteer fighters headed for Kashmir.† Pakistan’s Overriding Interests in South Asia The pattern reflected Pakistan’s agenda in the late 1990s, which has changed little in subsequent years: Bleed India in Kashmir and ensure Pakistani influence in Afghanistan, where Iran and India also compete for influence. Those are the controlling factors that explain Pakistan’s apparently schizophrenic relationship with the Taliban: bombing it in one place while propping it up in another. Should American and NATO forces withdraw from Afghanistan (just as American aid ended after the Soviet withdrawal from that country in 1988), Pakistan doesn’t want to find itself without a controlling hand there. Supporting the Taliban is Pakistan’s insurance policy against a repeat of American withdrawal at the end of the cold war. â€Å"Today,† Benazir Bhutto said in one of her last interviews  in 2007, â€Å"its not just the intelligence services who were previously called a state within a state. Today, its the militants who are becoming yet another little state within the state, and this is leading some people to say that Pakistan is on the slippery slope of being called a failed state. But this is a crisis for Pakistan, that unless we deal with the extremists and the terrorists, our entire state could founder.† Pakistan’s successive governments, in large part through the ISI, created the now seemingly out-of-control conditions that prevail in Pakistan that enable the Taliban, al-Qaeda offshoot al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS) and other militant groups to call the northwestern part of the country their sanctuary.

Anorexia Nervosa, Control Issues, signs and symptoms, Term Paper

Anorexia Nervosa, Control Issues, signs and symptoms, - Term Paper Example A large nationally representative U.S. study conducted on this group of people revealed that there were no new cases registered after the respondents reached their mid-20s (Harvard Medical School, 2009). This finding reveals that adult patients who seek treatment for anorexia nervosa have usually struggled with this disorder much earlier in their life. Anorexia is a very common disorder and nearly three quarters of those affected by this disorder are females. This can be attributed to environmental factors, such as magazines, web and other media sources that promote and idolize thin models thereby leading unsuspecting readers to be obsessed by the desire to be thin. Physical signs of anorexia: Physical signs of anorexia include excessive weight loss without any medical cause, dry skin, thinning of hair, poor or no menstrual periods in women, feeling cold or presence of swelling in extremities of limbs, downy hair covering the body, low blood pressure, fatigue and/or abnormal heart rhythms. Psychological and behavioral signs: Psychological and behavioral signs of anorexia include feeling fat despite being underweight, refusing to eat, not able to remember things, refusing to accept low body weight as a problem, depression and obsessive-compulsive behaviors like frequently checking weight, following extreme exercise regimen and/or pretending or lying about eating. Weight loss or lack of expected gain: Significant loss of weight without any medical reason is one of the main indicators to identify Anorexia Nervosa. A loss of 5 to 10 pounds in a healthy individual is a matter of concern and should be followed-up (Dubansky, 2010). The annual health checkup is a good time to track adequate weight gain in children and identify significant weight loss in adults. Anorexia during the initial phase can go unnoticed even by physicians because a lot of attention is given to obesity and related issues. Sudden change in eating habits: Behaviors that